H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute

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Robert J. Gillies, PhD

Robert J. Gillies, PhD

Faculty Rank:

Senior Member

Titles:

  • Director, Molecular and Functional Imaging
  • Vice Chair, Radiology Research

Department/Program Affiliations:

  • Integrated Mathematical Oncology  
  • Experimental Therapeutics  
  • Diagnostic Imaging  

Primary Address:

H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center &
Research Institute
12902 Magnolia Drive
Tampa, FL 33612

Office:

(813) 745-8355

USF Affiliations/College Department:

  • Medicine / Oncologic Sciences

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Robert J. Gillies, PhD

Education & Training:

  • BS, University of California, Irvine, 1974 - Biology
  • PhD, University of California, Davis, 1979 - Zoology
  • Fellowship, Yale University, 1982 - Molecular biophysics

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Robert J. Gillies, PhD

Research Interests:

Dr. Gillies' current research projects are focused on the use of non-invasive imaging for cancer therapy and are divided into three interrelated areas; (1) The interrogation and modeling of the tumor microenvironment and its effect on tumor progression and therapy; (2) Development of multivalent targeting molecules for specific cancer imaging and delivery of therapy; (3) The use of imaging as a biomarker of therapy response.



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Robert J. Gillies, PhD

Publications:

  1. Alleti R, Rao V, Xu L, Gillies RJ, Mash EA. A solanesol-derived scaffold for multimerization of bioactive peptides. J Org Chem. 2010 Sep;75(17):5895-5903. Pubmedid: 20701315.   Pubmed ID: 20701315

  2. De Silva CR, Vagner J, Lynch R, Gillies RJ, Hruby VJ. Optimization of time-resolved fluorescence assay for detection of europium-tetraazacyclododecyltetraacetic acid-labeled ligand-receptor interactions. Anal Biochem. 2010 Mar;398(1):15-23. Pubmedid: 19852924. Pmcid: PMC2830854.   Pubmed ID: 19852924

  3. Gillies RJ, Anderson AR, Gatenby RA, Morse DL. The biology underlying molecular imaging in oncology: from genome to anatome and back again. Clin Radiol. 2010 Jul;65(7):517-521. Pubmedid: 20541651.   Pubmed ID: 20541651

  4. Lee YS, Fernandes S, Kulkarani V, Mayorov A, Davis P, Ma SW, Brown K, Gillies RJ, Lai J, Porreca F, Hruby VJ. Design and synthesis of trivalent ligands targeting opioid, cholecystokinin, and melanocortin receptors for the treatment of pain. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Jul;20(14):4080-4084. Pubmedid: 20547453.   Pubmed ID: 20547453

  5. Morse DL, Balagurunathan Y, Hostetter G, Trissal M, Tafreshi NK, Burke N, Lloyd M, Enkemann S, Coppola D, Hruby VJ, Gillies RJ, Han H. Identification of novel pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell-surface targets by gene expression profiling and tissue microarray. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Sep;80(5):748-754. Pubmedid: 20510208. Pmcid: PMC2914681.   Pubmed ID: 20510208

  6. Morse DL, Gillies RJ. Molecular imaging and targeted therapies. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Sep;80(5):731-738. Pubmedid: 20399197. Pmcid: PMC2925390.   Pubmed ID: 20399197

  7. Morse DL, Hostetter G, Balagurunathan Y, Gillies RJ, Han H. Identification of pancreatic cancer-specific cell-surface markers for development of targeting ligands. Methods Mol Biol. 2010;624:195-210. Pubmedid: 20217597.   Pubmed ID: 20217597

  8. Silva AS, Gatenby RA, Gillies RJ, Yunes JA. A quantitative theoretical model for the development of malignancy in ductal carcinoma in situ. J Theor Biol. 2010 Feb;262(4):601-613. Pubmedid: 19887072.   Pubmed ID: 19887072

  9. Xu L, Vagner J, Alleti R, Rao V, Jagadish B, Morse DL, Hruby VJ, Gillies RJ, Mash EA. Synthesis and characterization of a Eu-DTPA-PEGO-MSH(4) derivative for evaluation of binding of multivalent molecules to melanocortin receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Apr;20(8):2489-2492. Pubmedid: 20304640.   Pubmed ID: 20304640

  10. Zhang X, Lin Y, Gillies RJ. Tumor pH and its measurement. J Nucl Med. 2010 Aug;51(8):1167-1170. Pubmedid: 20660380.   Pubmed ID: 20660380

  11. De Leon-Rodriguez LM, Lubag AJ, Malloy CR, Martinez GV, Gillies RJ, Sherry AD. Responsive MRI agents for sensing metabolism in vivo. Acc Chem Res. 2009 Jul;42(7):948-957. Pubmedid: 19265438. Pmcid: PMC2713815.   Pubmed ID: 19265438

  12. Gatenby RA, Silva AS, Gillies RJ, Frieden BR. Adaptive therapy. Cancer Res. 2009 Jun;69(11):4894-4903. Pubmedid: 19487300.   Pubmed ID: 19487300

  13. Josan JS, Morse DL, Xu L, Trissal M, Baggett B, Davis P, Vagner J, Gillies RJ, Hruby VJ. Solid-phase synthetic strategy and bioevaluation of a labeled delta-opioid receptor ligand Dmt-Tic-Lys for in vivo imaging. Org Lett. 2009 Jun;11(12):2479-2482. Pubmedid: 19445485. Pmcid: PMC2756606.   Pubmed ID: 19445485

  14. Lee HK, Smith MD, Smith BJ, Grussendorf J, Xu L, Gillies RJ, White HS, Bulaj G. Anticonvulsant Met-enkephalin analogues containing backbone spacers reveal alternative non-opioid signaling in the brain. ACS Chem Biol. 2009 Aug;4(8):659-671. Pubmedid: 19634861.   Pubmed ID: 19634861

  15. Robey IF, Baggett BK, Kirkpatrick ND, Roe DJ, Dosescu J, Sloane BF, Hashim AI, Morse DL, Raghunand N, Gatenby RA, Gillies RJ. Bicarbonate increases tumor pH and inhibits spontaneous metastases. Cancer Res. 2009 Mar;69(6):2260-2268. Pubmedid: 19276390. Pmcid: PMC2834485.   Pubmed ID: 19276390

  16. Rosca EV, Gillies RJ, Caplan MR. Glioblastoma targeting via integrins is concentration dependent. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2009 Oct;104(2):408-417. Pubmedid: 19575417. Pmcid: PMC2791716.   Pubmed ID: 19575417

  17. Silva AS, Yunes JA, Gillies RJ, Gatenby RA. The potential role of systemic buffers in reducing intratumoral extracellular pH and acid-mediated invasion. Cancer Res. 2009 Mar;69(6):2677-2684. Pubmedid: 19276380.   Pubmed ID: 19276380

  18. Xu L, Vagner J, Josan J, Lynch RM, Morse DL, Baggett B, Han H, Mash EA, Hruby VJ, Gillies RJ. Enhanced targeting with heterobivalent ligands. Mol Cancer Ther. 2009 Aug;8(8):2356-2365. Pubmedid: 19671749.   Pubmed ID: 19671749

  19. Balagurunathan Y, Morse DL, Hostetter G, Shanmugam V, Stafford P, Shack S, Pearson J, Trissal M, Demeure MJ, Von Hoff DD, Hruby VJ, Gillies RJ, Han H. Gene expression profiling-based identification of cell-surface targets for developing multimeric ligands in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008 Sep;7(9):3071-3080. Pubmedid: 18765825. Pmcid: PMC2567866.   Pubmed ID: 18765825

  20. Black K, Kirkpatrick N, Troutman T, Xu L, Vagner J, Gillies R, Barton J, Utzinger U, Romanowski M. Gold nanorods targeted to delta opioid receptor: plasmon-resonant contrast and photothermal agents. Mol Imaging. 2008 Jan;7(1):50-57. Pubmedid: 18384724.   Pubmed ID: 18384724

  21. Borden MA, Zhang H, Gillies RJ, Dayton PA, Ferrara KW. A stimulus-responsive contrast agent for ultrasound molecular imaging. Biomaterials. 2008 Feb;29(5):597-606. Pubmedid: 17977595.   Pubmed ID: 17977595

  22. Fang J, Gillies R, Gatenby R. Adaptation to hypoxia and acidosis in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Semin Cancer Biol. 2008 Oct;18(5):330-337. Pubmedid: 18455429.   Pubmed ID: 18455429

  23. Gatenby R, Gillies R. A microenvironmental model of carcinogenesis. Nat Rev Cancer. 2008 Jan;8(1):56-61. Pubmedid: 18059462.   Pubmed ID: 18059462

  24. Gillies R, Robey I, Gatenby R. Causes and consequences of increased glucose metabolism of cancers. J Nucl Med. 2008 Jun;49:24S-42S. Pubmedid: 18523064.   Pubmed ID: 18523064

  25. Jennings D, Raghunand N, Gillies R. Imaging hemodynamics. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2008 Dec;27(4):589-613. Pubmedid: 18506397.   Pubmed ID: 18506397

  26. Josan JS, Vagner J, Handl HL, Sankaranarayanan R, Gillies RJ, Hruby VJ. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Heterobivalent Ligands Targeted to Melanocortin and Cholecystokinin Receptors. Int J Pept Res Ther. 2008 Dec;14(4):293-300. Pubmedid: 19714261. Pmcid: PMC2732021.   Pubmed ID: 19714261

  27. Lope-Piedrafita S, Garcia-Martin ML, Galons JP, Gillies RJ, Trouard TP. Longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging in a rat brain glioma model. NMR Biomed. 2008 Oct;21(8):799-808. Pubmedid: 18470959. Pmcid: PMC2857329.   Pubmed ID: 18470959

  28. Moellering R, Black K, Krishnamurty C, Baggett B, Stafford P, Rain M, Gatenby R, Gillies R. Acid treatment of melanoma cells selects for invasive phenotypes. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2008;25(4):411-425. Pubmedid: 18301995.   Pubmed ID: 18301995

  29. Robey IF, Stephen RM, Brown KS, Baggett BK, Gatenby RA, Gillies RJ. Regulation of the Warburg effect in early-passage breast cancer cells. Neoplasia. 2008 Aug;10(8):745-756. Pubmedid: 18670636.   Pubmed ID: 18670636

  30. Vagner J, Xu L, Handl HL, Josan JS, Morse DL, Mash EA, Gillies RJ, Hruby VJ. Heterobivalent ligands crosslink multiple cell-surface receptors: the human melanocortin-4 and delta-opioid receptors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2008;47(9):1685-1688. Pubmedid: 18205159.   Pubmed ID: 18205159

  31. Ackerstaff E, Artemov D, Gillies RJ, Bhujwalla ZM. Hypoxia and the presence of human vascular endothelial cells affect prostate cancer cell invasion and metabolism. Neoplasia. 2007 Dec;9(12):1138-1151. Pubmedid: 18084621.   Pubmed ID: 18084621

  32. Borden M, Caskey C, Little E, Gillies R, Ferrara K. DNA and polylysine adsorption and multilayer construction onto cationic lipid-coated microbubbles. Langmuir. 2007 Aug;23(18):9401-9408. Pubmedid: 17665937.   Pubmed ID: 17665937

  33. Bowen M, Monguchi Y, Sankaranarayanan R, Vagner J, Begay L, Xu L, JagadishB, Hruby V, Gillies R, Mash E. Design, synthesis, and validation of a branched flexible linker for bioactive peptides. J Org Chem. 2007 Mar;72(5):1675-1680. Pubmedid: 17279799.   Pubmed ID: 17279799

  34. Gatenby R, Gillies R. Glycolysis in cancer: a potential target for therapy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(7-8):1358-1366. Pubmedid: 17499003.   Pubmed ID: 17499003

  35. Gatenby R, Smallbone K, Maini P, Rose F, Averill J, Nagle R, Worrall L, Gillies R. Cellular adaptations to hypoxia and acidosis during somatic evolution of breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 2007 Sep;97(5):646-653. Pubmedid: 17687336.   Pubmed ID: 17687336

  36. Gillies R, Gatenby R. Adaptive landscapes and emergent phenotypes: why do cancers have high glycolysis. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2007 Jun;39(3):251-257. Pubmedid: 17624581.   Pubmed ID: 17624581

  37. Gillies R, Gatenby R. Hypoxia and adaptive landscapes in the evolution of carcinogenesis. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2007 Jun;26(2):311-317. Pubmedid: 17404691.   Pubmed ID: 17404691

  38. Handl H, Sankaranarayanan R, Josan J, Vagner J, Mash E, Gillies R, HrubyVJ. Synthesis and evaluation of bivalent NDP-alpha-MSH(7) peptide ligands for binding to the human melanocortin receptor 4 (hMC4R). Bioconjug Chem. 2007 Jul;18(4):1101-1109. Pubmedid: 17591746.   Pubmed ID: 17591746

  39. Jagadish B, Sankaranarayanan R, Xu L, Richards R, Vagner J, Hruby VJ, Gillies RJ, Mash EA. Squalene-derived flexible linkers for bioactive peptides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Jun;17(12):3310-3313. Pubmedid: 17448660.   Pubmed ID: 17448660

  40. Morse D, Galons J, Payne C, Jennings D, Day S, Xia G, Gillies R. MRI-measured water mobility increases in response to chemotherapy via multiple cell-death mechanisms. Nmr Biomed. 2007 Oct;20(6):602-614. Pubmedid: 17265424.   Pubmed ID: 17265424

  41. Morse D, Raghunand N, Sadarangani P, Murthi S, Job C, Day S, Howison C, Gillies R. Response of choline metabolites to docetaxel therapy is quantified in vivo by localized (31)P MRS of human breast cancer xenografts and in vitro by high-resolution (31)P NMR spectroscopy of cell extracts. Magn Reson Med. 2007 Aug;58(2):270-280. Pubmedid: 17654590.   Pubmed ID: 17654590

  42. Rosca EV, Stukel JM, Gillies RJ, Vagner J, Caplan MR. Specificity and mobility of biomacromolecular, multivalent constructs for cellular targeting. Biomacromolecules. 2007 Dec;8(12):3830-3835. Pubmedid: 18039007.   Pubmed ID: 18039007

  43. Smallbone K, Gatenby R, Gillies R, Maini P, Gavaghan D. Metabolic changes during carcinogenesis: potential impact on invasiveness. J Theor Biol. 2007 Feb;244(4):703-713. Pubmedid: 17055536.   Pubmed ID: 17055536

  44. Stephen R, Gillies R. Promise and progress for functional and molecular imaging of response to targeted therapies. Pharm Res. 2007 Jun;24(6):1172-1185. Pubmedid: 17385018.   Pubmed ID: 17385018

  45. Borden M, Martinez G, Ricker J, Tsvetkova N, Longo M, Gillies R, DaytonPA, Ferrara K. Lateral phase separation in lipid-coated microbubbles. Langmuir. 2006 Apr;22(9):4291-4297. Pubmedid: 16618177.   Pubmed ID: 16618177

  46. Garcia-Martin M, Martinez G, Raghunand N, Sherry A, Zhang S, Gillies R. High resolution pH(e) imaging of rat glioma using pH-dependent relaxivity. Magn Reson Med. 2006 Feb;55(2):309-315. Pubmedid: 16402385.   Pubmed ID: 16402385

  47. Gatenby R, Gawlinski E, Gmitro A, Kaylor B, Gillies R. Acid-mediated tumor invasion: a multidisciplinary study. Cancer Res. 2006 May;66(10):5216-5223. Pubmedid: 16707446.   Pubmed ID: 16707446

  48. Martinez-Zaguilan R, Tompkins L, Gillies R, Lynch R. Simultaneous analysis of intracellular pH and Ca2+ from cell populations. Methods Mol Biol. 2006 312;312:269-287. Pubmedid: 16422205.   Pubmed ID: 16422205

  49. Raghunand N, Jagadish B, Trouard TP, Galons JP, Gillies RJ, Mash EA. Redox-sensitive contrast agents for MRI based on reversible binding of thiols to serum albumin. Magn Reson Med. 2006 Jun;55(6):1272-1280. Pubmedid: 16700014.   Pubmed ID: 16700014

  50. Sloane B, Gillies R, Mohla S, Sogn J, Menkens A, Sullivan D. I2 imaging: cancer biology and the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Res. 2006 Dec;66(23):11097-11099. Pubmedid: 17114235.   Pubmed ID: 17114235

  51. Tatum J, Kelloff G, Gillies R, Arbeit J, Brown J, Chao K, Chapman J, Eckelman W, Fyles A, Giaccia A, Hill R, Koch C, Krishna M, Krohn K, LewisJS, Mason R, Melillo G, Padhani A, Powis G, Rajendran J, Reba R, Robinson S, Sullivan D. Hypoxia: importance in tumor biology, noninvasive measurement by imaging, and value of its measurement in the management of cancer therapy. Int J Radiat Biol. 2006 Oct;82(10):699-757. Pubmedid: 17118889.   Pubmed ID: 17118889

  52. Vagner J, Handl HL, Monguchi Y, Jana U, Begay LJ, Mash EA, Hruby VJ, Gillies RJ. Rigid linkers for bioactive peptides. Bioconjug Chem. 2006 Nov;17(6):1545-1550. Pubmedid: 17105235.   Pubmed ID: 17105235

  53. Galons J, Lope-Piedrafita S, Divijak J, Corum C, Gillies R, Trouard T. Uncovering of intracellular water in cultured cells. Magn Reson Med. 2005 Jul;54(1):79-86. Pubmedid: 15968680.   Pubmed ID: 15968680

  54. Gillies R, Hoffman J, Lam K, Menkens A, Piwnica-Worms D, Sullivan D, Weissleder R. Meeting report: high-throughput technologies for in vivo imaging agents. Mol Imaging. 2005 Apr;4(2):98-103. Pubmedid: 16105507.   Pubmed ID: 16105507

  55. Gillies R, Morse D. In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy in cancer. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2005;7:287-326. Pubmedid: 16004573.   Pubmed ID: 16004573

  56. Handl H, Gillies R. Lanthanide-based luminescent assays for ligand-receptor interactions. Life Sci. 2005 Jun;77(4):361-371. Pubmedid: 15894006.   Pubmed ID: 15894006

  57. Handl H, Vagner J, Yamamura H, Hruby V, Gillies R. Development of a lanthanide-based assay for detection of receptor-ligand interactions at the delta-opioid receptor. Anal Biochem. 2005 Aug;343(2):299-307. Pubmedid: 16004955.   Pubmed ID: 16004955

  58. Jordan B, Black K, Robey I, Runquist M, Powis G, Gillies R. Metabolite changes in HT-29 xenograft tumors following HIF-1alpha inhibition with PX-478 as studied by MR spectroscopy in vivo and ex vivo. Nmr Biomed. 2005 Nov;18(7):430-439. Pubmedid: 16206237.   Pubmed ID: 16206237

  59. Jordan B, Runquist M, Raghunand N, Baker A, Williams R, Kirkpatrick L, PowisG, Gillies R. Dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion MRI show rapid and dramatic changes in tumor microenvironment in response to inhibition of HIF-1alpha using PX-478. Neoplasia. 2005 May;7(5):475-485. Pubmedid: 15967100.   Pubmed ID: 15967100

  60. Morse D, Carroll D, Weberg L, Borgstrom M, Ranger-Moore J, Gillies R. Determining suitable internal standards for mRNA quantification of increasing cancer progression in human breast cells by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Anal Biochem. 2005 Jul;342(1):69-77. Pubmedid: 15958182.   Pubmed ID: 15958182

  61. Morse D, Gray H, Payne C, Gillies R. Docetaxel induces cell death through mitotic catastrophe in human breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2005 Oct;4(10):1495-1504. Pubmedid: 16227398.   Pubmed ID: 16227398

  62. Robey IF, Lien AD, Welsh SJ, Baggett BK, Gillies RJ. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and the glycolytic phenotype in tumors. Neoplasia. 2005 Apr;7(4):324-330. Pubmedid: 15967109.   Pubmed ID: 15967109

  63. Baggett B, Roy R, Momen S, Morgan S, Tisi L, Morse D, Gillies R. Thermostability of firefly luciferases affects efficiency of detection by in vivo bioluminescence. Mol Imaging. 2004 Oct;3(4):324-332. Pubmedid: 15802049.   Pubmed ID: 15802049

  64. Bascunan-Castillo E, Erickson R, Howison C, Hunter R, Heidenreich R, Hicks C, Trouard T, Gillies R. Tamoxifen and vitamin E treatments delay symptoms in the mouse model of Niemann-Pick C. J Appl Genet. 2004;45(4):461-467. Pubmedid: 15523158.   Pubmed ID: 15523158

  65. Handl H, Vagner J, Han H, Mash E, Hruby V, Gillies R. Hitting multiple targets with multimeric ligands. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2004 Dec;8(6):565-586. Pubmedid: 15584863.   Pubmed ID: 15584863

  66. Handl H, Vagner J, Yamamura H, Hruby V, Gillies R. Lanthanide-based time-resolved fluorescence of in cyto ligand-receptor interactions. Anal Biochem. 2004 Jul;330(2):242-250. Pubmedid: 15203329.   Pubmed ID: 15203329

  67. Theilmann R, Borders R, Trouard T, Xia G, Outwater E, Ranger-Moore J, Gillies R, Stopeck A. Changes in water mobility measured by diffusion MRI predict response of metastatic breast cancer to chemotherapy. Neoplasia. 2004 Nov-Dec;6(6):831-837. Pubmedid: 15720810. Pmcid: PMC1531687.   Pubmed ID: 15720810

  68. Vagner J, Handl H, Gillies R, Hruby V. Novel targeting strategy based on multimeric ligands for drug delivery and molecular imaging: homooligomers of alpha-MSH. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Jan;14(1):211-215. Pubmedid: 14684330.   Pubmed ID: 14684330

  69. Gillies R, Hruby V. Expression-driven reverse engineering of targeted imaging and therapeutic agents. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2003 Apr;7(2):137-139. Pubmedid: 12667092.   Pubmed ID: 12667092

  70. Gillies R. Noninvasive imaging of anticancer therapy. Mol Cancer Ther. 2003 Mar;2(3):333-334. Pubmedid: 12657728.   Pubmed ID: 12657728

  71. Guo J, Erickson R, Trouard T, Galons J, Gillies R. Magnetization transfer contrast imaging in Niemann pick type C mouse liver. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2003 Sep;18(3):321-327. Pubmedid: 12938127.   Pubmed ID: 12938127

  72. Lukasik V, Gillies R. Animal anaesthesia for in vivo magnetic resonance. Nmr Biomed. 2003 Dec;16(8):459-467. Pubmedid: 14696002.   Pubmed ID: 14696002

  73. Mahoney B, Raghunand N, Baggett B, Gillies R. Tumor acidity, ion trapping and chemotherapeutics: Acid pH affects the distribution of chemotherapeutic agents in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003 Oct;66(7):1207-1218. Pubmedid: 14505800.   Pubmed ID: 14505800

  74. Raghunand N, Gatenby R, Gillies R. Microenvironmenalamd cellular consequences of altered blood flow in tumours. Br J Radiol. 2003;76:S11-S22. Pubmedid: 15456710.   Pubmed ID: 15456710

  75. Raghunand N, Howison C, Sherry A, Zhang S, Gillies R. Renal and systemic pH imaging by contrast-enhanced MRI. Magn Reson Med. 2003 Feb;49(2):249-257. Pubmedid: 12541244.   Pubmed ID: 12541244

  76. Raghunand N, Mahoney B, Gillies R. Tumor acidity, ion trapping and chemotherapeutics: pH-dependent partition coefficients predict importance of ion trapping on pharmacokinetics of weakly basic chemotherapeutic agents. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003 Oct;66(7):1219-1229. Pubmedid: 14505801.   Pubmed ID: 14505801

  77. Schornack PA, Gillies RJ. Contributions of cell metabolism and H+ diffusion to the acidic pH of tumors. Neoplasia. 2003 Mar;5(2):135-145. Pubmedid: 12659686.   Pubmed ID: 12659686

  78. Bhujwalla Z, Artemov D, Ballesteros P, Cerdan S, Gillies R, Solaiyappan M. Combined vascular and extracellular pH imaging of solid tumors. Nmr Biomed. 2002 Apr;15(2):114-119. Pubmedid: 11870907.   Pubmed ID: 11870907

  79. Gillies R, Raghunand N, Karczmar G, Bhujwalla Z. MRI of the tumor microenvironment. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2002 Oct;16(4):430-450. Pubmedid: 12353258.   Pubmed ID: 12353258

  80. Gillies R. In vivo molecular imaging. J Cell Biochem Suppl. 2002;39:231-238. Pubmedid: 12552622.   Pubmed ID: 12552622

  81. Jennings D, Hatton B, Guo J, Galons J, Trouard T, Raghunand N, Marshall J, Gillies R. Early response of prostate carcinoma xenografts to docetaxel chemotherapy monitored with diffusion MRI. Neoplasia. 2002 May;4(3):255-262. Pubmedid: 11988845.   Pubmed ID: 11988845

  82. Raghunand N, Zhang S, Sherry A, Gillies R. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of tissue pH using a novel pH-sensitive contrast agent, GdDOTA-4AmP. Acad Radiol. 2002 Aug;9:S481-S483. Pubmedid: 12188315.   Pubmed ID: 12188315

  83. Bhujwalla Z, Artemov D, Aboagye E, Ackerstaff E, Gillies R, Natarajan K, Solaiyappan M. The physiological environment in cancer vascularization, invasion and metastasis. Novartis Found Symp. 2001;240:23-45. Pubmedid: 11727932.   Pubmed ID: 11727932

  84. Gillies R, Lynch R. Frontiers in the measurement of cell and tissue pH. Novartis Found Symp. 2001;240:7-22. Pubmedid: 11727938.   Pubmed ID: 11727938

  85. Gillies R. Causes and consequences of hypoxia and acidity in tumors--Novartis Foundation symposium. Trends Mol Med. 2001 Feb;7(2):47-49. Pubmedid: 11330256.   Pubmed ID: 11330256

  86. Gillies R. The tumour microenvironment: causes and consequences of hypoxia and acidity. Novartis Found Symp. 2001;240:1-6. Pubmedid: 11727923.   Pubmed ID: 11727923

  87. Raghunand N, Gillies R. pH and chemotherapy. Novartis Found Symp. 2001;240:199-211. Pubmedid: 11727930.   Pubmed ID: 11727930

  88. Raghunand N, Mahoney B, van Sluis R, Baggett B, Gillies R. Acute metabolic alkalosis enhances response of C3H mouse mammary tumors to the weak base mitoxantrone. Neoplasia. 2001 May;3(3):227-235. Pubmedid: 11494116.   Pubmed ID: 11494116

  89. Evelhoch J, Gillies R, Karczmar G, Koutcher J, Maxwell R, Nalcioglu O, Raghunand N, Ronen S, Ross B, Swartz H. Applications of magnetic resonance in model systems: cancer therapeutics. Neoplasia. 2000 Jan;2(1-2):152-165. Pubmedid: 10933074.   Pubmed ID: 10933074

  90. Gillies R, Bhujwalla Z, Evelhoch J, Garwood M, Neeman M, Robinson S, SotakCH, Van Der Sanden B. Applications of magnetic resonance in model systems: tumor biology and physiology. Neoplasia. 2000 Jan;2(1-2):139-151. Pubmedid: 10933073.   Pubmed ID: 10933073

  91. Pilatus U, Ackerstaff E, Artemov D, Mori N, Gillies R, Bhujwalla Z. Imaging prostate cancer invasion with multi-nuclear magnetic resonance methods: the Metabolic Boyden Chamber. Neoplasia. 2000 May;2(3):273-279. Pubmedid: 10935513.   Pubmed ID: 10935513

  92. Raghunand N, Gillies R. pH and drug resistance in tumors. Drug Resist Updat. 2000 Feb;3(1):39-47. Pubmedid: 11498364.   Pubmed ID: 11498364

  93. Bhujwalla Z, Aboagye E, Gillies R, Chacko V, Mendola C, Backer J. Nm23-transfected MDA-MB-435 human breast carcinoma cells form tumors with altered phospholipid metabolism and pH: a 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study in vivo and in vitro. Magn Reson Med. 1999 May;41(5):897-903. Pubmedid: 10332871.   Pubmed ID: 10332871

  94. Galons J, Altbach M, Paine-Murrieta G, Taylor C, Gillies R. Early increases in breast tumor xenograft water mobility in response to paclitaxel therapy detected by non-invasive diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Neoplasia. 1999 Jun;1(2):113-117. Pubmedid: 10933044.   Pubmed ID: 10933044

  95. Gillies R, Schornack P, Secomb T, Raghunand N. Causes and effects of heterogeneous perfusion in tumors. Neoplasia. 1999 Aug;1(3):197-207. Pubmedid: 10935474.   Pubmed ID: 10935474

  96. Gillies R. Angiostatin's partners. Science. 1999 Apr;284(5413):434-434. Pubmedid: 10232986.   Pubmed ID: 10232986

  97. Martinez-Zaguilan R, Tompkins L, Gillies R, Lynch R. Simultaneous analysis of intracellular pH and Ca2+ from cell populations. Methods Mol Biol. 1999;114:287-306. Pubmedid: 10081026.   Pubmed ID: 10081026

  98. Raghunand N, He X, van Sluis R, Mahoney B, Baggett B, Taylor C, Paine-Murrieta G, Roe D, Bhujwalla Z, Gillies R. Enhancement of chemotherapy by manipulation of tumour pH. Br J Cancer. 1999 Jun;80(7):1005-1011. Pubmedid: 10362108.   Pubmed ID: 10362108

  99. Raghunand N, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Wright S, Gillies R. pH and drug resistance: Turnover of acidic vesicles and resistance to weakly basic chemotherapeutic drugs. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 May;57(9):1047-1058. Pubmedid: 10796075.   Pubmed ID: 10796075

  100. van Sluis R, Bhujwalla Z, Raghunand N, Ballesteros P, Alvarez J, Cerd?!n S, Galons J, Gillies R. In vivo imaging of extracellular pH using 1H MRSI. Magn Reson Med. 1999 Apr;41(4):743-750. Pubmedid: 10332850.   Pubmed ID: 10332850

  101. Bhujwalla Z, McCoy C, Glickson J, Gillies R, Stubbs M. Estimations of intra- and extracellular volume and pH by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy: effect of therapy on RIF-1 tumours. Br J Cancer. 1998 Sep;78(5):606-611. Pubmedid: 9744499 .   Pubmed ID: 9744499

  102. Martinez-Zaguilan R, Martinez G, Gomez A, Hendrix M, Gillies R. Distinct regulation of pHin and [Ca2+]in in human melanoma cells with different metastatic potential. J Cell Physiol. 1998 Jul;176(1):196-205. Pubmedid: 9618159 .   Pubmed ID: 9618159

  103. Xie X, Gillies R, Gerner E. Characterization of a diamine exporter in Chinese hamster ovary cells and identification of specific polyamine substrates. J Biol Chem. 1997 Aug;272(33):20484-20489. Pubmedid: 9252359 .   Pubmed ID: 9252359

  104. Aiken N, Gillies R. Phosphomonoester metabolism as a function of cell proliferative status and exogenous precursors. Anticancer Res. 1996 May;16(3B):1393-1397. Pubmedid: 8694507 .   Pubmed ID: 8694507

  105. Martinez-Zaguilan R, Seftor E, Seftor R, Chu Y, Gillies R, Hendrix M. Acidic pH enhances the invasive behavior of human melanoma cells. Clin Exp Metastasis. 1996 Mar;14(2):176-186. Pubmedid: 8605731 .   Pubmed ID: 8605731

  106. Galons J, Job C, Gillies R. Increase of GPC levels in cultured mammalian cells during acidosis: A 31P MR spectroscopy study using a continuous bioreactor system. Magn Reson Med. 1995 Mar;33(3):422-426. Pubmedid: 7760711 .   Pubmed ID: 7760711

  107. Lien Y, Wang X, Gillies R, Martinez-Zaguilan R. Modulation of intracellular Ca2+ by glucose in MDCK cells: role of endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase. Am J Physiol. 1995 Apr;268(4 Pt 2):F671-F679. Pubmedid: 7733324 .   Pubmed ID: 7733324

  108. Gillies R, Barry J, Ross B. In vitro and in vivo 13C and 31P NMR analyses of phosphocholine metabolism in rat glioma cells. Magn Reson Med. 1994 Sep;32(3):310-318. Pubmedid: 7984063 .   Pubmed ID: 7984063

  109. Gillies R, Liu Z, Bhujwalla Z. 31P-MRS measurements of extracellular pH of tumors using 3-aminopropylphosphonate. Am J Physiol. 1994 Jul;267(1 Pt 1):C195-C203. Pubmedid: 8048479 .   Pubmed ID: 8048479

  110. Gunn J, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Wald-Hopkins S, Woolridge D, Gillies R. NIH3T3 cells transfected with the yeast H(+)-ATPase have altered rates of protein turnover. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1994 Nov;314(2):268-275. Pubmedid: 7979364 .   Pubmed ID: 7979364

  111. Lax D, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Gillies R. Furazolidone increases thapsigargin-sensitive Ca(2+)-ATPase in chick cardiac myocytes. Am J Physiol. 1994 Aug;267(2 Pt 2):H734-H741. Pubmedid: 8067429 .   Pubmed ID: 8067429

  112. Martinez G, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Gillies R. Effect of glucose on pHin and [Ca2+]in in NIH-3T3 cells transfected with the yeast P-type H(+)-ATPase. J Cell Physiol. 1994 Oct;161(1):129-141. Pubmedid: 7929598 .   Pubmed ID: 7929598

  113. Martinez-Zaguilan R, Gillies R, Sanchez-Armass S. Regulation of pH in rat brain synaptosomes: Role of Cl-. J Neurophysiol. 1994 Jun;71(6):2249-2257. Pubmedid: 7931514 .   Pubmed ID: 7931514

  114. Martinez-Zaguilan R, Wegner J, Gillies R, Hoyer P. Differential regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis in ovine large and small luteal cells. Endocrinology. 1994 Nov;135(5):2099-2108. Pubmedid: 7956933 .   Pubmed ID: 7956933

  115. Peterson E, Martinez G, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Perona R, Gillies R. NIH 3T3 cells transfected with a yeast H(+)-ATPase have altered sensitivity to insulin, insulin growth factor-I, and platelet-derived growth factor-AA. J Cell Physiol. 1994 Jun;159(3):551-560. Pubmedid: 8188769 .   Pubmed ID: 8188769

  116. Sanchez-Armass S, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Mart?-nez G, Gillies R. Regulation of pH in rat brain synaptosomes: Role of sodium, bicarbonate, and potassium. J Neurophysiol. 1994 Jun;71(6):2236-2248. Pubmedid: 7931513 .   Pubmed ID: 7931513

  117. Wegner J, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Gillies R, Hoyer P. Prostaglandin F2 alpha releases calcium from a thapsigargin-sensitive pool in ovine large luteal cells. Am J Physiol. 1994 Jan;266(1 Pt 1):E50-E56. Pubmedid: 8304445 .   Pubmed ID: 8304445

  118. Wysynski A, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Alden C, Gandolfi A, Gillies R. Phenobarbital induces cytosolic acidification in an established liver epithelial cell line. Toxicol Lett. 1994 Nov;74(2):157-166. Pubmedid: 7940597 .   Pubmed ID: 7940597

  119. Barry J, McGovern K, Lien Y, Ashmore B, Gillies R. Dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP): a 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic probe of intracellular volume in mammalian cell cultures. Biochemistry. 1993 May;32(17):4665-4670. Pubmedid: 8485143 .   Pubmed ID: 8485143

  120. Gillies R, Galons J, McGovern K, Scherer P, Lien Y, Job C, Ratcliff R, Chapa F, Cerdan S, Dale B. Design and application of NMR-compatible bioreactor circuits for extended perfusion of high-density mammalian cell cultures. Nmr Biomed. 1993 Jan;6(1):95-104. Pubmedid: 8457432 .   Pubmed ID: 8457432

  121. Martinez-Zaguilan R, Lynch R, Martinez G, Gillies R. Vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPases are functionally expressed in plasma membranes of human tumor cells. Am J Physiol. 1993 Oct;265(4 Pt 1):C1015-C1029. Pubmedid: 8238296 .   Pubmed ID: 8238296

  122. Gillies R. Nuclear magnetic resonance and its applications to physiological problems. Annu Rev Physiol. 1992;54:733-748. Pubmedid: 1562189 .   Pubmed ID: 1562189

  123. Lien Y, Zhou H, Job C, Barry J, Gillies R. In vivo 31P NMR study of early cellular responses to hyperosmotic shock in cultured glioma cells. Biochimie. 1992 Sep;74(9-10):931-939. Pubmedid: 1467347 .   Pubmed ID: 1467347

  124. Martinez-Zaguilan R, Gillies R. A plasma membrane V-type H(+)-ATPase may contribute to elevated intracellular pH(pHin) in some human tumor cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1992 Nov;671:478-480. Pubmedid: 1288345 .   Pubmed ID: 1288345

  125. Dale B, Gillies R. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of dense cell populations for metabolic studies and bioreactor engineering: a synergistic partnership. Biotechnology. 1991 Win;17:107-118. Pubmedid: 2049536 .   Pubmed ID: 2049536

  126. Gillies R, Martinez-Zaguilan R. Regulation of intracellular pH in BALB/c 3T3 cells: Bicarbonate raises pH via NaHCO3/HCl exchange and attenuates the activation of Na+/H+ exchange by serum. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jan;266(3):1551-1556. Pubmedid: 1846359 .   Pubmed ID: 1846359

  127. Gillies R, Scherer P, Raghunand N, Okerlund L, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Hesterberg L, Dale B. Iteration of hybridoma growth and productivity in hollow fiber bioreactors using 31P NMR. Magn Reson Med. 1991 Mar;18(1):181-192. Pubmedid: 2062229 .   Pubmed ID: 2062229

  128. Martinez-Zaguilan R, Martinez G, Lattanzio F, Gillies R. Simultaneous measurement of intracellular pH and Ca2+ using the fluorescence of SNARF-1 and fura-2. Am J Physiol. 1991 Feb;260(2 Pt 1):C297-C307. Pubmedid: 1996613 .   Pubmed ID: 1996613

  129. Wegner J, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Gillies R, Hoyer P. Prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced calcium transient in ovine large luteal cells: Modulation of the transient and resting cytosolic free calcium alters progesterone secretion. Endocrinology. 1991 Feb;128(2):929-936. Pubmedid: 1899223 .   Pubmed ID: 1899223

  130. Gillies R, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Martinez G, Serrano R, Perona R. Tumorigenic 3T3 cells maintain an alkaline intracellular pH under physiological conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(19):7414-7418. Pubmedid: 2170979 .   Pubmed ID: 2170979

  131. Wegner J, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Wise M, Gillies R, Hoyer P. Prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced calcium transient in ovine large luteal cells: Alterations in cytosolic-free calcium levels and calcium flux. Endocrinology. 1990 Dec;127(6):3029-3037. Pubmedid: 2249641 .   Pubmed ID: 2249641

  132. Gillies R, Martinez R, Sneider J, Hoyer P. Sphingosine inhibits phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-, but not serum-induced, activation of Na+/H+ exchange in mammalian cells. J Cell Physiol. 1989 Apr;139(1):125-130. Pubmedid: 2540207 .   Pubmed ID: 2540207

  133. Martinez R, Gillies R. Dimethylsulfoxide modifies the sensitivity of BALB/c-3T3 cells to the activation of Na+/H+ exchange by phorbol esters. J Cell Physiol. 1989 Apr;139(1):131-135. Pubmedid: 2540208 .   Pubmed ID: 2540208

  134. Lucas C, Gillies R, Olson J, Giuliano K, Martinez R, Sneider J. Intracellular acidification inhibits the proliferative response in BALB/c-3T3 cells. J Cell Physiol. 1988 Jul;136(1):161-167. Pubmedid: 3397393 .   Pubmed ID: 3397393

  135. Martinez R, Gillies R, Giuliano K. Effect of serum on the intracellular pH of BALB/c-3T3 cells: serum deprivation causes changes in sensitivity of cells to serum. J Cell Physiol. 1988 Jul;136(1):154-160. Pubmedid: 2840441 .   Pubmed ID: 2840441

  136. DeFronzo M, Gillies R. Characterization of methylphosphonate as a 31P NMR pH indicator. J Biol Chem. 1987 Aug;262(23):11032-11037. Pubmedid: 3611105 .   Pubmed ID: 3611105

  137. Gillies R, Cook J, Fox M, Giuliano K. Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular pH in 3T3 cells. Am J Physiol. 1987 Jul;253(1 Pt 1):C121-C125. Pubmedid: 3605325 .   Pubmed ID: 3605325

  138. Giuliano K, Gillies R. Determination of intracellular pH of BALB/c-3T3 cells using the fluorescence of pyranine. Anal Biochem. 1987 Dec;167(2):362-371. Pubmedid: 2831755 .   Pubmed ID: 2831755

  139. Nelson T, Gillies R, Powell D, Schrader M, Manchester D, Pretorius D. High resolution proton NMR spectroscopy of human amniotic fluid. Prenat Diagn. 1987 Jun;7(5):363-372. Pubmedid: 3615362 .   Pubmed ID: 3615362

  140. Gillies R, Didier N, Denton M. Determination of cell number in monolayer cultures. Anal Biochem. 1986 Nov;159(1):109-113. Pubmedid: 3812988 .   Pubmed ID: 3812988

  141. Findly R, Gillies R, Shulman R. In vivo phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance reveals lowered ATP during heat shock of Tetrahymena. Science. 1983 Mar;219(4589):1223-1225. Pubmedid: 6828852 .   Pubmed ID: 6828852

  142. Gillies R, Benoit A. NMR analysis of a cell division cycle mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983 Jun;762(3):466-470. Pubmedid: 6303444 .   Pubmed ID: 6303444

  143. Gillies R, Ogino T, Shulman R, Ward D. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance evidence for the regulation of intracellular pH by Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. J Cell Biol. 1982 Oct;95(1):24-28. Pubmedid: 7142288 .   Pubmed ID: 7142288

  144. Alger J, Sillerud L, Behar K, Gillies R, Shulman R, Gordon R, Shae D, Hanley P. In vivo carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of mammals. Science. 1981 Nov;214(4521):660-662. Pubmedid: 7292005 .   Pubmed ID: 7292005

  145. Gillies R, Alger J, den Hollander J, Shulman R. Intracellular pH measured by NMR: methods and results. Kroc Found Ser. 1981 Win;15:79-104. Pubmedid: 7042927 .   Pubmed ID: 7042927

  146. Gillies R, Rosenberg M, Deamer D. Carbon dioxide efflux accompanies release of fertilization acid from sea urchin eggs. J Cell Physiol. 1981 Aug;108(2):115-122. Pubmedid: 6790553 .   Pubmed ID: 6790553

  147. Gillies R, Ugurbil K, den Hollander J, Shulman R. 31P NMR studies of intracellular pH and phosphate metabolism during cell division cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Apr;78(4):2125-2129. Pubmedid: 7017724 .   Pubmed ID: 7017724

  148. Gillies R. Intracellular pH and proliferation in yeast, Tetrahymena and sea urchin eggs. Kroc Found Ser. 1981 Win;15:341-359. Pubmedid: 7042923 .   Pubmed ID: 7042923

  149. Gillies R, Deamer D. Endogenously produced CO2 induces stationary phase in Tetrahymena cultures. J Cell Physiol. 1980 Nov;105(2):221-225. Pubmedid: 6780574 .   Pubmed ID: 6780574

  150. Gillies R, Deamer D. Intracellular pH changes during the ce;; cycle in Tetrahymena. J Cell Physiol. 1979 Jul;100(1):23-31. Pubmedid: 38259.   Pubmed ID: 38259

  151. Noble E, Gillies R, Vigran R, Mandel P. The modification of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats by di-n-propylacetate. Psychopharmacologia. 1976 Mar;46(2):127-131. Pubmedid: 781711.   Pubmed ID: 781711

Robert J. Gillies, PhD

Below is a list of active grants where the faculty member is the Principal Investigator. Grants are sorted by sponsor and then sorted by start date, with the more recent grant shown first.

Targeted Melanoma Therapies

Project Order #2
Sponsor: Intezyne Technologies, Inc.
Project Dates: July 1, 2010 to June 30, 2011
Earned to Date: $5,000

Radiology Report Abstraction Questionnaire Project (NO COST EXTENSION)

LKR53630, #06-0230
Sponsor: Merck & Co., Inc. / Rosetta
Project Dates: May 4, 2009 to November 4, 2011

Project 2

5 U54 CA143970-02
Sponsor: Nat Institutes of Health / NCI
Project Dates: September 1, 2010 to August 31, 2011
Earned to Date: $583,326

Radiomics of NSCLC

1 U01 CA143062-01
Sponsor: Nat Institutes of Health / NCI
Project Dates: March 9, 2010 to February 28, 2015
Annual Direct Cost: $460,355
Annual Total Cost: $621,495
Project Total: $2,984,045

Causes and Consequences of Acid pH in Tumors

5 R01 CA077575-11
Sponsor: Nat Institutes of Health / NCI
Project Dates: September 29, 2009 to July 31, 2014
Annual Direct Cost: $289,284
Annual Total Cost: $483,104
Project Total: $2,460,158

Targeting Pancreatic Cancer

5 R01 CA123547-04
Sponsor: Nat Institutes of Health / NCI
Project Dates: August 13, 2009 to June 30, 2012
Annual Direct Cost: $394,769
Annual Total Cost: $659,264
Project Total: $1,984,608

Imaging Biomarkers for Anti-Cancer Therapy

5 R01 CA125627-03
Sponsor: Nat Institutes of Health / NCI
Project Dates: September 1, 2008 to July 31, 2013
Annual Direct Cost: $248,656
Annual Total Cost: $334,138
Project Total: $1,671,623

Multimeric Ligands for Targeting Melanoma

5 R01 CA097360-07
Sponsor: Nat Institutes of Health / NCI
Project Dates: August 8, 2008 to May 31, 2013
Annual Direct Cost: $509,032
Annual Total Cost: $626,904
Project Total: $3,176,243

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