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Moffitt Cancer Center is a national leader in developing and delivering advanced immunotherapies and cell therapies for both solid tumors and blood cancers. This guide is designed to help you stay informed on the latest developments in this rapidly evolving space.

Because the landscape of immunotherapy and cell therapy for cancer treatment is continuously advancing, this guide is updated regularly to reflect the most current FDA approvals, clinical trials, and treatment offerings at Moffitt.

Bookmark this page to stay current on:

  • New and emerging immunotherapies
  • Ongoing clinical trials at Moffitt
  • Referral insights and treatment timelines
We don't just deliver innovative cancer treatments. We invent them. Physicians and researchers within Moffitt work closely together to provide innovative treatment options. Our patients have access to more than 350 clinical trials at Moffitt.
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Cell Therapy & Immunotherapy Expertise at Work

Cell Therapy and Gene Engineering Facility
Located in Tampa, Florida, Moffitt’s Cell Therapy and Gene Engineering Facility is a 20,000-square-foot, multi-product cGMP facility supporting cell therapy and viral vector process development from preclinical research through phase II trials.
Moffitt has collaborated with biotech and industry partners for more than 15 years, with over 30 federal and foundation grants backing current manufacturing projects.

Immunotherapy Clinical Trials Office
Moffitt’s Clinical Trials Office (CTO) provides support for developing and running clinical trials.

  • Screening and enrolling patients
  • Managing regulatory and compliance submissions
  • Coordinating trial-related care orders
  • Staff training, education, and audit preparation
Moffitt researchers in the TIL Therapy lab

FDA Breakthrough Therapies

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) Therapy
Moffitt played a pivotal role in the FDA approval of this first-in-class cell therapy for advanced melanoma.

BiTE® Therapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)
Moffitt was the first center in the nation to offer BiTE® therapy following its FDA approval for solid tumors.

Immunotherapy for Follicular Lymphoma
Moffitt served as a trial site for the study that led to the FDA approval of this new treatment.

Obe-cel CAR T Therapy for Relapsed B-cell ALL
Moffitt’s Dr. Bijal Shah presented new data at the 2025 European Hematology Association Congress showing that obe-cel, a next-generation CAR T-cell therapy, offers durable remissions and fewer side effects for patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia — including older adults.

Key Research Initiatives & Enrollment Opportunities 

Dendritic Cell Vaccine Trial for HER2+ Breast Cancer
Led by Dr. Heather Han, Moffitt is the only site enrolling patients in a novel HER2-primed dendritic cell vaccine trial (NATASHA). This personalized immunotherapy approach aims to reduce chemotherapy use and improve outcomes for early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer. Early results show tumor shrinkage before chemo begins.To refer an eligible patient for the NATASHA trial, please email the Clinical Trial Coordinator at CTOBreast@Moffitt.org

Principal Investigator: Hyo Han, MD

CAR T-Cell Therapy for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
Moffitt is leading a first-of-its-kind clinical trial offering CAR T-cell therapy for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. This personalized treatment targets the follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), which is uniquely expressed on ovarian cells. Administered intraperitoneally via a surgically placed catheter, the therapy is designed to directly reach tumor sites while minimizing systemic toxicity. Moffitt was the first center to secure FDA approval to offer a second round of CAR T for a patient who responded to initial treatment, highlighting the potential for durable benefit in a disease with limited options.

Principal Investigator: Robert Wenham, MD

CAR T-Cell Therapy vs Standard of Care in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Moffitt is enrolling patients in a Phase 3 clinical trial evaluating anitocabtagene autoleucel, a BCMA-directed CAR T-cell therapy, versus standard of care in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. This randomized study will assess progression-free survival, safety, patient-reported outcomes, and long-term durability of response in patients who have received 1 to 3 prior lines of therapy. Eligible patients must have measurable disease and prior treatment with an IMiD and anti-CD38 antibody.

Principal Investigator: Ciara Freeman, MD, PhD

CAR T Therapy for MRD+ Large B-Cell Lymphoma After First-Line Treatment
Moffitt is enrolling patients in a Phase 3 study evaluating cemacabtagene ansegedleucel (cema-cel), an allogeneic CAR T-cell therapy, versus observation in patients with minimal residual disease (MRD+) after first-line treatment for large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). This is the first randomized trial investigating CAR T for MRD+ disease in patients who achieved a partial or complete response following standard first-line therapy. Patients must prescreen for MRD and meet imaging and eligibility criteria prior to randomization.

Principal Investigator: Frederick Locke, MD 

CAR T-Cell Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Moffitt is conducting a Phase 1 trial of autologous gamma delta T cells genetically engineered with a chimeric receptor to target the prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The primary goal is to evaluate safety and determine the recommended Phase 2 dose, with secondary measures assessing preliminary efficacy. This personalized approach is designed to direct modified immune cells against prostate tumors while minimizing off-target effects. Slots are currently available for eligible patients.

Principal Investigator: Jingsong Zhang, MD, PhD

TCR Therapy vs Standard of Care for Metastatic Melanoma
Moffitt is enrolling patients in a Phase 3 randomized study comparing IMA203, a TCR-engineered T-cell therapy targeting MAGE-A4, versus investigator’s choice of standard treatment (TIL therapy or chemotherapy) for unresectable or metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Patients must be HLA-A*02:01 positive and have progressed on prior PD-1 therapy, with BRAF-positive patients also having received BRAF-directed therapy unless otherwise contraindicated. The trial will assess overall efficacy, safety, and quality of life outcomes, with prescreening for HLA status required before enrollment.

Principal Investigator: Lilit Karapetyan, MD, MS, FACP 

*Last Updated 8/2025

Immunotherapy Treatments: At a Glance

  • Backpacks

    WHAT IS IT?

    “Backpacks” are an investigational therapy in which immune cells — often T cells — are loaded with targeted therapies or molecules and then reinfused into the patient. These payloads are designed to activate only once inside the tumor, delivering treatments that might otherwise be too toxic systemically.

    WHAT TO EXPECT AT MOFFITT

    • Currently available only in research settings
    • Typically involves collection of immune cells and lab modification
    • Delivered locally or systemically depending on tumor type and therapeutic payload
    • Designed for precision targeting with fewer side effects

    CANCERS TREATED

    Investigational: Various tumor types; study-specific
    (More details coming as trials open)

    Moffitt experts
    Coming soon

    Success story
    Coming soon

  • Bispecific T-cell Engagers (BiTEs)

    WHAT IS IT?

    BiTEs are a type of bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to a cancer cell and a T cell, redirecting the patient’s immune system to attack the cancer. Unlike personalized cell therapies, BiTEs are manufactured drugs and do not require use of the patient’s own cells.

    WHAT TO EXPECT AT MOFFITT

    • BiTEs are administered via outpatient infusion
    • No cell collection or manufacturing delay — treatments are ready-made
    • Infusion schedule varies depending on the BiTE and cancer type
    • May cause immune-related side effects but generally lower complexity than CAR T

    CANCERS TREATED

    FDA-approved for:

    • Blood cancers including multiple myeloma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and certain lymphomas
    • Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) – first solid tumor approval (May 2024)

    In clinical trials at Moffitt:

    Expanded use in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies

    Investigational:

    Broader applications across both blood and solid tumors under study

    Moffitt experts
    Coming soon

    Success story
    Coming soon

  • CAR T-Cell Therapy

    WHAT IS IT?


    Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a personalized treatment that modifies a patient’s own T cells to recognize and destroy cancer cells. T cells are extracted, genetically engineered with a synthetic receptor (CAR), expanded in the lab, and reinfused into the patient to attack tumors.

    WHAT TO EXPECT AT MOFFITT

    • Available for treatment of various hematological cancers and under investigation for solid tumors
    • Requires outpatient evaluation followed by inpatient treatment
    • Patients receive a short course of chemotherapy (lymphodepletion) before infusion
    • Hospital stay is typically 7–10 days, followed by close outpatient monitoring
    • CAR T cells are manufactured off-site; total process may take 2–4 weeks
    • Side effects such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or neurotoxicity may occur and are closely managed

    CANCERS TREATED

    FDA-approved for:

    • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)
    • Mantle cell lymphoma
    • Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
    • Multiple myeloma
    • Follicular lymphoma
    • Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma
    • Transformed follicular lymphoma

    In clinical trials at Moffitt:

    • Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)
    • Other blood cancers and potential expansion into solid tumors

    MOFFITT EXPERTS
    Coming soon

    SUCCESS STORY
    Marisol Gallagher became the first ovarian cancer patient in the world to receive CAR T-cell therapy a second time—thanks to a Moffitt-led trial and FDA-approved protocol created just for her. Her tumors have shrunk, her energy has returned, and her care team is optimistic about the impact of this personalized approach.
    Read her story →

  • T Cell Receptor Therapy (TCR)

    WHAT IS IT?

    TCR therapy enhances a patient’s T cells with receptors that recognize specific cancer antigens presented on tumor cells. Unlike CAR T, which targets proteins on the cell surface, TCR-modified cells can identify targets inside the tumor, expanding potential use in solid tumors.

    WHAT TO EXPECT AT MOFFITT

    • Requires cell collection and gene modification in a specialized lab
    • Infusion typically occurs after a short course of chemotherapy
    • Patients are monitored closely for immune-related side effects
    • Treatment eligibility may require tumor testing for target antigens

    CANCERS TREATED

    FDA-approved for:

    Metastatic synovial sarcoma (TCR targeting MAGE-A4)

    In clinical trials at Moffitt:

    Other MAGE-A4-expressing solid tumors (under investigation)

    MOFFITT EXPERTS
    Coming soon

    SUCCESS STORY
    Coming soon

  • Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy (TIL)

    WHAT IS IT?

    TIL therapy uses a patient’s own immune cells taken directly from their tumor. These tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are expanded in the lab and reinfused to help the immune system mount a stronger attack against cancer. The cells are not genetically modified.

    WHAT TO EXPECT AT MOFFITT

    • One-time, inpatient treatment
    • Requires tumor resection to collect TILs
    • Cell expansion takes approximately 3–5 weeks
    • Patients receive lymphodepleting chemotherapy prior to infusion
    • Followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) and close monitoring for side effects
    • Hospital stay typically ranges from 1 to 2 weeks

    CANCERS TREATED

    FDA-approved for:

    • Advanced melanoma

    In clinical trials at Moffitt:

    • Non-small cell lung cancer
    • Cervical cancer
    • Head and neck cancers
    • Bladder cancer
    • Other solid tumors

    MOFFITT EXPERTS
    Coming soon

    SUCCESS STORY
    Coming soon

This resource is updated quarterly or as new therapies, trials, or FDA approvals emerge, so you always have the most current information at your fingertips. Have questions or want to connect with a Moffitt liaison? Our team is here to support you and provide direct access to clinical experts when needed.
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