Eastern Equine Encephalitis Detected in Florida as Mosquito Season Peaks
Key Takeaways:
- Health officials say eastern equine encephalitis, a rare but serious mosquito-borne virus, has been detected in sentinel chickens
- The virus is uncommon in humans, but it can be severe, with a high risk of death and long-term neurological damage
- Experts warn that people with weakened immune systems face a higher risk of developing brain infection from the virus
Health officials are alerting Florida residents after eastern equine encephalitis, a rare but dangerous mosquito-borne virus, was detected in sentinel chickens. This comes as the height of mosquito season begins, prompting attention to mosquito bite prevention.
Although human cases of eastern equine encephalitis are uncommon, with about five to 10 cases reported nationwide each year, the virus can be deadly when contracted.
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30%
Percentage of people who die from the virus after being infected
According to John Greene, MD, chair of the Infectious Diseases Program at Moffitt Cancer Center, about 30% of those infected die, and many survivors are left with permanent neurological issues.
Greene says those with weakened immune systems, including cancer patients currently in treatment, are at higher risk.
“Those with compromised immune systems are more likely to develop a brain infection from this virus, and if someone survives this infection, which has no known treatment, there is a high chance for permanent brain injury and impairment,” Greene said.
Prevention Is Key
Because there is no specific treatment or vaccine for the virus, prevention is the best protection. Health officials recommend the following strategies to stay safe:
- Wear protective clothing
- Eliminate standing water
- Use repellents approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- Use window and door screens
Areas of Concern
John Greene, MD
Throughout Florida, sentinel chickens are placed in designated areas and tested weekly for mosquito-borne viruses. A positive test means the virus is actively spreading among local mosquitoes and that the risk of human infection is higher.
So far, the virus has been confirmed to be active across Orange, Volusia and Brevard counties.
“Although we see this virus every year, typically in low levels, public health measures can reduce infection in humans and horses with the proper precautions,” Greene emphasized.
